Combination lighting unit



'Nov. 11, 1941. F. c. WINKLER 2,252,416

COMBINATION LIGHTING UNIT Filed Feb. as. 1958 -INVENTOR I Frederic CT Win/Her. I

TTOR Patented Nov. 11, 1941 UNITED COMBINATION LIGHTING UNIT Frederic C. Winkler,

Lakewood, Ohio, assignor to Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh,

Pennsylvania Pa., a corporation. of

Application February 26, 1938, Serial No. 192,763

than two or three cycles.

Therefore, the object of my Invention gener- 4 Claims. (01.240 11) it to the hanger and suspension mounting; The

. reflector is provided with a socket assembly comally stated is" to provide for utilizing a high-intensity mercury lamp for lightingpurposes in such manner as toovercome some of these defects, minimize others and? retain all of the inherent advantages of the mercury lamp. .A more specific object of my inventionis to provide for utilizing incandescent lamps, together with a mercury lamp for lighting purposes.

A further object of my invention is to provide a lighting unit utilizing a mercury lamp and a l I pluralityof incandescent lamps arranged in such manner as to produce operating conditions most I advantageous for the operation of themer'cury lamp.

A still further object of mercial type wherein provisionis made for utiliziing a lamp groupina single reflector comprising a centrally located. mercury lamp and a plurality of incandescentlamps disposed in predefeatures of my invention, and

Fig. 2 is apartial top plan view of the unit in Fig. 1, with the louver assembly and adapter removed to show the relative position of the lamps.

In practicing my invention in its basic form,

the lighting unit of the suspension or hanging typemay comprise a reflector of suitable mate rial preferably provided with a louveredtop or cap and having a suitable adapter for attaching the invention is to I providea'lighting unit of the industrialwor com- I prising a centrally disposed socket for mountin the mercury lamp in adownward vertical position and a plurality of, preferably three, sockets for the incandescent lamps equally spaced about the centrally-disposed socket. The sockets for the incandescent lamps'are mounted at a slight angle to the vertical axis of the unit to accome modate lamps of diiferent sizes. The bottom opening of the reflector maybe provided with a globe or bowl of difiusing glass to thoroughly mix the. light lumens from all the sources and to shield the lamp group from direct view.

Referring nowto the drawing, the preferred form Of jthB unit may comprise a reflector l0 composed preferably of aluminum, provided with a louvered top portion II. The reflector l0 may be supported from the hanger (not shown) by means of an adapter [2 to whichit is connected by means of a plurality of spaced supports l3. The louvered portion or element ll of the unit may comprise upper and lower spaced louver elements l4 and I5, respectively, attachedtogether by means of spaced straps It. The upper louver N forms a top orcover for the reflector ,lllandais provided with a central opening tore ceive the nipple portion l'l of the adapter l2 which isthreaded to receive a cap nut l8 by means of which the louver assembly is held in position on the adapter. I

The mercury lamp l9 may be mounted in a downwardly vertical position by means of a socket 2| mounted in a central-openingin the top of the reflector for supporting this lamp.

-l'n orderto utilize the incandescent lamps 22 to the best advantage provision is made for mounting these lamps in such manner that they will surround the mercury lamp. Accordingly, the sockets 23 for the lamps 22 are mounted in suitable openings in the top of the reflector as shown and inclined outwardly at a slight angle to the-vertical axis of the .unit. This arrangement makes possible the use of incandescent lamps of different size. ,Itis preferable to use three-incandescent lamps equally spaced about the mercury lamp in order that the mercury lamp will be heated evenlyfrom all sides assuring longer life and slower blackening and disintegration of the mercury in the mercury lamp. I

It will beobserved that thetop portions of the sockets 2| and 23, to which the currentleads (not shown) are attached extend above the top of the reflector into the space between the upper louver element l4 and the top'oi the reflector.

Since the entire louver portion l I may be released for upward movement by unscrewing the cap nut I 8, this arrangement provides ready access to the terminal connections of the unit.

The reflector l may be provided with an enclosing bowl 24 connected to one side of the refiector by a suitable hinge 25 and to the opposite side by a spring latch 26. The hinge and latch are attached to the bowl holder 21 which is clamped about the rim of the bowl in a well known manner by means of the clips 28 and screw 29. The bowl 24 is preferably formed by a diffusing glass in order that the light lumens from the different sources are thoroughly mixed before leaving the unit and so that all of the light sources are shielded from view. A suitable gasket 3| is provided between the rim of the bowl 24 and the offset shoulder portion 32 of the reflector in order to effectively seal the lamp enclosure against the entrance of dust, etc. The hinged mounting of the bowl makes it possible to readily open the unit for relamping and other maintenance work without exercising exceptional care to prevent breakage of the bow].

In view of the fact that the color of the mercury lamp is not a continuous spectrum as in the case of the incandescent lamp and has a very definite and strong line in the yellow-green portion of the spectrum with lines of lesser value in the blue and violet and since the incandescent lamp is deficient in the violet, blue and green portion of the spectrum, the combination of these diflerent light sources produces a light which is similar in quality to daylight.

Furthermore, it is apparent that this combination and arrangement of the mercury and incandescent light sources reduces the stroboscopic effect of the mercury lamp to a minimum and in case of a momentary interruption in the electric service, which causes the mercury lamp to go out for an appreciable length of time, the incandescent lamps serve to produce effective lighting as soon as service is restored and until the mercury lamp can restart, after which the unit functions in the normal manner with both the mercury and incandescent lamps in operation. It has been found that the close association of the mercury and incandescent lamps with a common unventilated enclosure does not prevent the mercury lamp from restarting after it has become sufficiently cooled.

In view of the foregoing, it is apparent that I have provided a lighting unit for utilizing a highintensity mercury lamp to the best advantage and which combines the light produced by the mercury lamp and that produced by a plurality of incandescent lamps in the proper manner to eliminate and minimize the inherent short-comings of the mercury lamp and thus utilize the best qualities of both types of lamps in a single lighting unit which produces a light which is similar in quality to daylight. Furthermore, the effective utilization of both the mercury and incandescent lamps in a single unit greatly increases the possibilities of use of the mercury lamp as effective light is produced by the unit regardless of interruptions in the electrical power supply which seriously interfere with the continuous operation of the mercury lamp. The relative positions and grouping of the lamps within a single reflector is an important feature of the invention and makes possible the desirable results obtained by the use of the combination unit. The particular manner in which the incandescent lamps are mounted at a slight angle to the vertical axis of the unit enables the user to make use of a wide choice of lamp sizes in order to supplement the light produced by the mercury lamp with the necessary and desired amount of light from the incandescent lamps and thus secure any desired degree of color correction and constant illumination.

It may be stated, in conclusion, that while the illustrated example constitutes a practical embodiment of my invention, I do not wish to limit myself strictly to the exact details of construction herein illustrated and described, since modifications of the same may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A lighting unit comprising a closed onepiece inverted bowl-shaped reflector having a top portion and an offset circumferential shoulder portion intermediate its closed top portion and rim, an adapter attached to the top of the reflector in spaced relation thereto for supporting the unit from a hanger, a louver assembly detachably supported by the adapter in spaced relation above the top of the reflector to provide a ventilating space, a lamp socket centrally mounted in the top of the reflector and supported thereby for supporting and conducting current to a mercury lamp, a plurality of lamp sockets mounted in the top of the reflector and supported thereby in spaced relation about the centrally mounted socket for supporting and conducting current to a plurality of incandescent lamps, the top portions of all of said sockets being located within the ventilating space between the top of the reflector and the louver assembly, and an enclosing bowl hinged to the reflector and engaging said shoulder portion when in closed position to provide a dust-proof enclosure mercury and incandescent lamps.

2. A lighting unit comprising, an inverted bowlshaped reflector having a closed top portion provided with a central opening and a plurality of additional openings spaced about the central opening, lamp sockets mounted in said openings with the top portions thereof extending above the top portion of the reflector, said lamp sockets having contact terminals on their said top portions, an adapter secured in spaced relation to the top portion of the reflector by means of a plurality of spaced supports disposed therebetween for attaching the reflector to a support, a louver assembly comprising a disk-like top member and a ring-like member supported thereby detachably mounted on the adapter and covering the top portion of the reflector to provide a ventilating space thereabove, said top portions and contact terminals of the sockets being thereby located within the ventilating space between the top portion of the reflector and the louver assembly, said louver assembly being movable upwardly out of engagement with the adapter when detached therefrom to expose and give access to the top portions and contact terminals of the sockets, and an enclosing bowl of light diffusing material hingedly mounted within the reflector with its outer edge positioned intermediate the closed top portion and rim of the reflector.

3. A combination lighting unit comprising, an inverted bowl-shaped reflector having an integral closed top portion, support means for attaching the reflector to a hanger, said support means including an adapter member mounted above said closed top portion, a louver assembly detachably for the therein to receive the adapter member and a ring- V shaped member supported thereby in spaced relation to the closed top portion of the reflector and said top member, a lamp socket having terminal connectors mounted centrally of the reflector for supporting a mercury lamp in a downward vertical position within the reflector, a plurality of additional lamp sockets having terminal connectors mounted on thereflector in spaced relation about the centrally mounted socket for supporting a plurality of incandescent lamps in a downward position within the reflector, all of said sockets being attached to the top portion of the reflector intermediate their ends and extending upwardly through said top portion of the reflector into the ventilated compartment thereabove formed by the louver assembly, whereby the top portions of the sockets and their terminal connectors are located in a relatively cool, accessible and ventilated region outside the interior of the reflector.

4. A combination lighting unit comprising, an inverted bowl-shaped metallic reflector having a dish-shaped top portion provided with a central opening and a plurality of additional openings disposed thereabout, a lamp socket provided with terminal members and mounted within the central opening with its upper end and terminal members above the top portion of the reflector for supporting a lamp in a vertical position, a plurality of lamp sockets provided with terminal members and mounted within said additional openings with their upper ends and terminal members disposed above the top portion of the reflector, said plurality of additional sockets being supported in an outwardly extending angular position with respect to the socket in the central opening due to the dished shape of the top portion of the reflector whereby the lamps supported by said sockets will be inclined outwardly at a slight angle to the lamp supportedin a vertical position by the central socket to permit theme of lamps of different size, means including an adapter member'attached to the top portion of the reflector for supporting it from a hanger, and

a louver assembly detachably mounted on said adapter member of the support means in spaced relation to the top portion of the reflector and providing a ventilated housing for the upper ends of the sockets and their terminal members which are disposed above the top portion of the reflector, said louver assembly comprising a diskshaped top member having a central opening to receive the adapter member and being of such diameter as to cover the tops of the sockets and a ring-shaped member extending around the tops of the sockets and supported from the top member intermediate the top of the reflector and said top member, said louver assembly being movable upwardly when detached from the adapter member to expose and give access to the terminal members of the sockets.

FREDERIC C. WINKLER. 

